1. When I (came/comes/was coming) back home from school, I (saw/seen/see) my friend Paula. She (waited/waits/was waiting) for the bus at the bus stop. 2. My parents rarely (leave/left/had left) me alone at home when I was young. 3. We (go/are going/will go) to the cinema tomorrow night. The film (start/starts/is starting) at 9.00 p.m. Would you like to join us? 4. Who is that man? I never (meets/have met/am meeting) him before. 5. Are you (doing/do/does) the housework now? I promise I (help/am helping/will help) you next time. 6. She (is been write/has been writing/have written) books for 20 years. She (published/is publishing/has published) more than 120 articles already. 7. Our students (are learning/have learning/have been learning) computer skills since they started school. 8. Jack normally (not stay/doesn't stay/isn't stay) at home at the weekends, he often (going/is go/goes) cycling. 9. He said that he (wasn't bought/didn't bought/hadn't bought) a new car yet. 10. When I (come/came/coming) home yesterday, my siblings (were sitting/were sat/have sat) on the floor and (was played/were playing/played) merrily. 11. A lot of houses (was damaged/damaged/were damaged) by the storm yesterday. 12. Fortunately, after the earthquake most of the roads (not cracked/didn`t cracked/weren't cracked) and only one bridge (was collapsed/was collapsing/collapsed). 13. Many clothes (aren't made/isn't made/don't make) from natural fabrics, like cotton and linen. 14. Tsunami usually (was caused/causes/is caused) by underwater earthquakes. 15. We (rescued/were rescued/have rescued) by the locals and (was taking/took/were taken) to the hospital immediately. 16. The theory of evolution (had developed/was developing/was developed) by Charles Darwin. 17. She said that she (will enter/would enter/enters) the University after school. 18. When he got home he realized that he (had forgotten/had forgot/forgot) the keys. She said that she (was looked/was looking/looks) for a flat to rent at that moment. When I (come/am coming/came) in, the film (had started/has started/was started) already. 19. We (study) English for 4 years. We (learn) by heart a lot of things already. 20. A lot of electricity (use) for manufacturing plastic bags.

1. When I was coming back home from school, I saw my friend Paula. She was waiting for the bus at the bus stop.

• Was coming — Past Continuous: длительное действие в прошлом.

• Saw — Past Simple: короткое действие, произошедшее во время другого действия.

• Was waiting — Past Continuous: Паула находилась в процессе ожидания автобуса.

2. My parents rarely left me alone at home when I was young.

Past Simple используется для описания повторяющихся действий и привычек в прошлом.

3. We are going to the cinema tomorrow night. The film starts at 9.00 p.m. Would you like to join us?

• Are going — Present Continuous для запланированного действия в будущем.

• Starts — Present Simple для событий, происходящих по установленному расписанию.

4. Who is that man? I have never met him before.

Present Perfect используется, когда речь идет о жизненном опыте до настоящего момента. Слово never ставится между вспомогательным глаголом have и причастием met.

5. Are you doing the housework now? I promise I will help you next time.

• Doing — Present Continuous: действие происходит прямо сейчас.

• Will help — Future Simple: обещание совершить действие в будущем.

6. She has been writing books for 20 years. She has published more than 120 articles already.

• Has been writing — Present Perfect Continuous: действие началось в прошлом и продолжается до настоящего времени.

• Has published — Present Perfect: подчеркивается результат деятельности. Слово already указывает на уже достигнутый результат.

7. Our students have been learning computer skills since they started school.

Present Perfect Continuous используется для действия, которое началось в прошлом и продолжается до настоящего времени. Слово since указывает на момент начала действия.

8. Jack normally doesn't stay at home at the weekends, he often goes cycling.

Present Simple используется для описания привычек и регулярно повторяющихся действий. На это указывают слова normally и often.

9. He said that he hadn't bought a new car yet.

Past Perfect используется, поскольку покупка автомобиля относится к периоду, предшествовавшему моменту высказывания в прошлом.

10. When I came home yesterday, my siblings were sitting on the floor and were playing merrily.

• Came — Past Simple: завершенное действие в прошлом.

• Were sitting и were playing — Past Continuous: действия, которые происходили в тот момент, когда говорящий пришел домой.

11. A lot of houses were damaged by the storm yesterday.

Past Simple Passive используется, поскольку дома подверглись воздействию стихии. Пассивный залог образуется с помощью were + V3.

12. Fortunately, after the earthquake most of the roads weren't cracked and only one bridge collapsed.

• Weren't cracked — Past Simple Passive: большинство дорог не было повреждено трещинами.

• Collapsed — Past Simple Active: один мост обрушился. Глагол collapse здесь непереходный, поэтому пассивный залог не используется.

13. Many clothes aren't made from natural fabrics, like cotton and linen.

Present Simple Passive используется для описания общего факта. Поскольку clothes является существительным во множественном числе, употребляется aren't made.

14. Tsunami usually is caused by underwater earthquakes.

Present Simple Passive используется для описания общего факта. Более естественно употребить предложение с артиклем: A tsunami is usually caused by underwater earthquakes.

15. We were rescued by the locals and were taken to the hospital immediately.

Past Simple Passive используется в обоих случаях, поскольку действия были совершены над людьми: их спасли и доставили в больницу.

16. The theory of evolution was developed by Charles Darwin.

Past Simple Passive используется, поскольку подлежащее обозначает объект, над которым было совершено действие. Конструкция: was + V3.

17. She said that she would enter the University after school.

Future in the Past используется при согласовании времен в косвенной речи. Когда главное предложение стоит в прошедшем времени (said), форма will обычно изменяется на would.

18.

When he got home he realized that he had forgotten the keys.

Past Perfect показывает, что он забыл ключи раньше, чем пришел домой и осознал это.

She said that she was looking for a flat to rent at that moment.

Past Continuous используется для обозначения действия, которое происходило в определенный момент в прошлом.

When I came in, the film had started already.

• Came — Past Simple: действие в прошлом.

• Had started — Past Perfect: фильм начался до того, как говорящий вошел.

19. We have been studying English for 4 years. We have learned by heart a lot of things already.

• Have been studying — Present Perfect Continuous: изучение английского началось четыре года назад и продолжается до настоящего времени.

• Have learned — Present Perfect: акцент на результате изучения. Форма have learnt также является правильной.

20. A lot of electricity is used for manufacturing plastic bags.

Present Simple Passive используется для описания общего факта. Подлежащее electricity является неисчисляемым существительным, поэтому употребляется форма единственного числа is used.