1. He has got few friends. 2. I drink little coffee. I don’t like it. 3. We must hurry. We’ve got very little time. 4. This university offers very few scholarships. 5. The Smiths have little money. They aren’t rich. 6. The theatre was almost empty. There were very few people there. 7. There was little lemonade in the bottle. There were few peaches in the basket. 8. I have little time, so I can’t go with you. 9. He has few English books. 10. There is little juice in my glass. Have you got any juice? 11. There are few bears in the zoo. 12. Tom Canty was the son of poor parents and had very few clothes. 13. There is too little soup in my soup plate. Give me some more, please. 14. The children returned from the wood very sad because they had found very few mushrooms. 15. There was too little light in the room, and I could not read. 16. There are very few people who don’t know that the Earth is round. 17. I made very little progress on this assignment. 18. There is very little hope of getting financial support for the research project. 19. Fortunately, very few passengers were injured in a traffic accident.

Как носитель на сайте ответил бы так.

Коротко про правило:
few / very few / too few — с исчисляемыми существительными во мн. числе (“мало” штук).
little / very little / too little — с неисчисляемыми (“мало” количества).
Без артикля — оттенок недостатка/скудности; very усиливает, too = “слишком мало, недостаточно”.

Теперь по предложениям — все они грамматически верные; дам смысл и перевод.

1. He has got few friends. — У него мало друзей (и это мало).

2. I drink little coffee. I don’t like it. — Я пью мало кофе. Я его не люблю.

3. We must hurry. We’ve got very little time. — Нужно спешить. У нас совсем мало времени.

4. This university offers very few scholarships. — Этот университет предоставляет очень мало стипендий.

5. The Smiths have little money. They aren’t rich. — У Смитов мало денег. Они не богаты.

6. The theatre was almost empty. There were very few people there. — Театр был почти пуст. Там было очень мало людей.

7. There was little lemonade in the bottle. There were few peaches in the basket. — В бутылке было мало лимонада. В корзине было мало персиков.

8. I have little time, so I can’t go with you. — У меня мало времени, поэтому я не могу пойти с тобой.

9. He has few English books. — У него мало книг на английском.

10. There is little juice in my glass. Have you got any juice? — В моём стакане мало сока. У тебя есть сок?

11. There are few bears in the zoo. — В зоопарке мало медведей.

12. Tom Canty was the son of poor parents and had very few clothes. — Том Кенти был сыном бедных родителей и имел очень мало одежды.

13. There is too little soup in my soup plate. Give me some more, please. — В моей тарелке слишком мало супа. Налейте ещё, пожалуйста.

14. The children returned from the wood very sad because they had found very few mushrooms. — Дети вернулись из леса очень грустные, потому что нашли очень мало грибов.

15. There was too little light in the room, and I could not read. — В комнате было слишком мало света, и я не мог читать.

16. There are very few people who don’t know that the Earth is round. — Очень мало людей не знают, что Земля круглая.

17. I made very little progress on this assignment. — Я сделал совсем небольшой прогресс по этому заданию.

18. There is very little hope of getting financial support for the research project. — Очень мало надежды получить финансирование для исследовательского проекта.

19. Fortunately, very few passengers were injured in a traffic accident. — К счастью, очень немногие пассажиры пострадали в дорожной аварии.

Нюанс: если бы стояли a few / a little, смысл был бы “немного, но есть”, без ощущения нехватки. Здесь же везде подчеркивается скудность/недостаток.